[Brain and sleep: from neurons - to the molecules].

Disputable questions of modern somnology, the neuroscience branch involving wakefulness-sleep cycle regulation, circadian and diurnal rhythms and other related problems, are regarded. Among them are the questions of the extent of similarity of the alternation of active-rest periods in the nematode, fruit fly, zebrafish and other simple model organisms to the waking-sleeping rhythm in warm-blooded animals (birds and mammals); the relation between molecular-biological and electrophysiological events in sleep-wake cycle; the role of paradoxical (REM) sleep in early ontogenesis; biochemical features of slow wave and paradoxical sleep.